Residential Steel feasibility analysis of domestic steel starting late, large-scale research and development, design and manufacture. Residential construction or installation of steel nearly 23 before developing. Currently in Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong Laiwu, and the Ma a n Shan in Anhui, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen to carry out low-rise, and multi-storey high-residential pilot project has been completed more than 30 million square meters, Recently, metal structure thinking Cyberspace Ltd. will build 120,000 square meters of apartments 23,000 workers, Architectural Design Institute in Tianjin Tangshan designed for 100,000 square meters of residential steel, All these show the steel residential development momentum is good.
1.Steel residential system
Steel residential system different from the traditional system of residential housing system is the main content of the main body steel structure system, the external wall and the interior wall and floor system body system. Steel Steel System .
Steel system
system with a variety of patterns, But the main residential application can be divided into steel frame, steel braced frame system, the framework of steel-reinforced concrete shear wall system. Staggered truss system, the largest structure plus sub-structure system. From the components form can be divided into sections : Hot H-section, welded H-shaped, welded box-shaped cross section, Cold-side irrigation pipe within the concrete, cold C-section, round steel tube irrigation concrete. Steel fire protection measures available fire paint, fire plate outsourcing, such as fire-resistant steel.
1.2 envelope system
external envelope system used for the main structure of the wall type, such as lightweight concrete panels, board space, cement particleboard, the sandwich board. Interior use lightweight concrete panels, gypsum board, cement particle board, straw board.
1.3 floor slab structure system
floor slab structure of the main types : pressure plate with cast-in-place concrete slab, Light precast concrete panels, and so on. Steel Selection, or to use Q235 Q345 strength steel grades, and should be based on the use of the environment and processing conditions different quality grades of steel.
2. Steel in residential application advantages
Steel in residential application advantages steel residential Compared with the traditional structure, functions, design, and the overall economic construction has advantages, mainly manifested in the following aspects.
2.1 Design of the manufacturing cycle
Design of the manufacturing cycle short. production design integration modern structural design using computers and specialized software for structural analysis, make significantly shorten design cycle, design changes and adjustments easily. Meanwhile, prefabricated steel factory with, the characteristics of on-site installation, will be the initial design and on-site means of production integration, network computers and NC machine tools integration enable design studio in which to complete the design, that is, from factory production lines producing the finished product. with high efficiency and precision, we can greatly reduce project cycle.
2.2 to be a reasonable interval functional layout of the residential building
architects and residents have been hoping to have a large span without the vertical structure of the space, which can be based on the demand for flexible partition, indoor layout is diversification. Traditional residential use because the nature of the material, limiting the freedom of space layout. If the room is too large, it will cause a large slab thickness, the pillars section is too large, not only indoor appearance, but increase the weight of the structure, increase investment in civil engineering. Residents often secondary interior wall to change settings, the only increase the economic burden, damage because of the increased load-bearing walls dangerous hidden dangers. Residential Steel can use high strength steel to the characteristics of using a large net-room layout, construction plane separated flexible, Architects not only for the design of room for maneuver, but also provides users with different uses under the structure may change. Non-load-bearing walls can separate body flexible interior space, the open apartment. Meanwhile, the steel connecting simple characteristics in the vertical plane than the traditional structure better able to use staggered, the thermocline structure. Due to the residential steel beam is small, it can increase the use of the area, the increase in the rate.
2.3 the largest steel capacity,the seismic performance
superior seismic performance of the same load, the smallest cross-section steel, the same section, the largest steel capacity. In earthquake-proof, reinforced concrete structure has many shortcomings, steel and light weight, a six-storey residential metal weight equivalent to only four masonry structure of the weight, therefore, the earthquake itself suffered a small role; Moreover, steel with high ductility, better energy, and thus, the seismic performance and high degree of safety.
2.4 Construction prominent advantages
Construction prominent advantages of the need for cast-in-place concrete construction, in China's northern areas of the construction season. Most of the steel components produced in factories and transported to the scene by bolts or welding overall assembly, capable of all-weather operation. Construction of a small amount of on-site operations, reduce the temporary construction sites, compared with the traditional building materials, environmental pollution to the surrounding small, Construction increased level of mechanization. As the steel itself as a strong commitment structural load on the structure and construction load, can save Construction Formwork, demolding materials, which reduce costs, greatly accelerate the pace of construction. Value for money in construction fully reflected the reduced cost of funds, the developers of the sale and funds recovered extremely beneficial.
2.5 low-cost
low-cost integrated steel high-capacity, the realization of structural layout of the room, the small cross-section of members, and the structure and concrete masonry structure, the relatively light forces, the foundation of the treatment is relatively easy to use natural foundation pattern. As the basis for the project occupies a proportion of cost comparison, the upper structure of light weight can reduce the cost base, thereby reducing overall project investment. Steel construction features high mechanization, on the other hand reduce the labor costs and templates, and other support materials costs.
Steel residential project cost is a very sensitive issue from the current situation, Steel residential slightly higher than the cost of reinforced concrete shear wall residential. Some experts calculate that small steel for high-rise residential steel quantity can be controlled in 50 kilograms per square meter below project cost increase can be controlled at about 10%, but the benefits are substantial. and to promote domestic production and management changes, which drove the development of domestic industries. With the system, the industrialization of raising the level of cost performance will improve, costs will be somewhat reduced.
2.6 meeting the housing industry and consistenting with the requirements of sustainable development.
meet the housing industry and the sustainable development of steel suitable for large-scale production, industrialization, high degree of commercialization. It will be energy - and water-proof, thermal insulation, windows and other advanced product get together to achieve integrated suite of applications, will design, production, Installation of integration, improve the industrialization of residential level. As the urban development, urban transformation that needs to demolish a large number of old buildings, than the traditional steel structures removed more easily implemented, the high utilization rate of steel recycling, removal of low cost, less pollution. consistent with the requirements of sustainable development.
3. My basic situation of construction steel
My basic situation of construction steel in recent years, with urban development and the increase in high-rise buildings. China Steel has developed very quickly and steel structure as a residential green building, Construction has been listed as a key promotional projects. Especially in large and medium-sized cities in China, a large number of people, land, fewer resources, and people on the residential density, green spaces and other environmental increasingly high demands of the larger scope of application of steel residential, China's productive forces developed to a certain stage of the natural product.
1985 in the construction of the Jinshajiang Shanghai Hotel, is the first one of its own design and the use of domestic H-beam material manufacture and installation of high-level steel construction. In 1996, Shenzhen has built a 325-meter height of the imperial buildings, is the first one super-tall steel buildings. In March 2002, a level as high as 18. Using H-beam steel construction of residential buildings in Ma'anshan City in Anhui province to start construction. It is our domestic industry from the dawn of steel reinforced concrete model of the important signs. Shanghai also has six steel high-rise residential building, and ultimately they will be built to 100 meters, the 34-storey, This is the first time in China. Beijing also launched a residential steel structure, located in Chaoyang District Shilipu dawn homes in Area B, the use of H-beam steel, and steel. September 2002 opening of the Beijing Jin Chen apartment, filled a system of high-rise residential construction steel blank. , It also shows that China's domestic development and construction has entered a new era of domestic steel system.
5. The development of the future of steel residential housing
steel residential housing industry development prospects of China's housing industry is the only way to development, because it will become the economic development of our country a new growth point. Steel residential system easy to realize industrialization and standardization of production, and to go along with the wall material can be used in energy conservation, environmental protection of new material, it is green architecture. repeated use of renewable, sustainable development strategies, Therefore steel residential system sets of research results will greatly promote the domestic industry's rapid development, a direct impact on the housing industry and the level of development of the future.
Machinery particularly information is the development of iron and steel enterprises. Steel residential development will be driven residential construction industry innovation. If the reinforced concrete structure of the development of the handicraft industry from entering the construction of mechanization, Then on the steel structure of the residential construction will realize modernization. "Steel is green residential steel with the concept of sustainable development." Some experts predicted : three years steel residential building will become a modern development of the important signs. 21st century steel of the occupying vast construction market.
