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摘要
模具的设计和制造水平反映了机械设计和加工的水平，模具的设计已应用了当代先进的设计手段，现代加工技术的使用如高精度加工中心、特种加工技术的大量使用使模具的制造精度越来越高，加工周期越来越短。各行各业对模具的需求量不断增加，正需要大量的模具设计与制造的技术人才。
对异形支板的设计中，通过对工件进行工艺分析，了解工件材料性能和加工方式，分析加工方案。通过比较各方案的特点和本工件的产能，确定该工件的加工方案。设计两套单工序模具，分别为落料模和异形支板模。设计主要探讨的是异形支板模，根据工件批量大的特点，使用经过改进的一种高效率的模具，即采用能一次成形的转轴式异形支板模。落料模主要是为异形支板模冲裁毛坯，要求效率高，因此设计成连续模。在模具设计中主要根据工艺分析计算出毛坯尺寸，选择排样落料；然后计算冲压力，选择冲床；计算刃口尺寸，算出凸、凹模尺寸。最后选择模具的各个零件，再结合压力机闭合高度和工作台尺寸最终确定模具的构造，完成对模具的设计。
设计主要是用转轴配合凸、凹模运动从而能完成两次异形支板。它的应用比较广泛，首先可用于刹车片模具的改进，其次可作为其它需两次异形支板的模具结构。
关键词：异形支板；冲模；落料模；模具
Abstract
The level of design and manufacture of mould reflects the level of mechanical design and machining. The design of mould has applied modern advanced design means, and the use of modern machining technology, such as high precision machining center, has been applied in the design of die and mould. With the extensive use of special machining technology, the manufacturing precision of die and mould is getting higher and higher, and the machining cycle is shorter and shorter. The demand for die and mould is increasing in various industries, and a large number of technical personnel in die design and manufacture are needed.
In the design of the special-shaped support plate, through the process analysis of the workpiece, the material performance and the machining mode of the workpiece are understood, and the machining scheme is analyzed. By comparing the characteristics of each project and the production capacity of the workpiece, the machining scheme of the workpiece is determined. Two sets of single-process die are designed, which are blanking die and special-shaped supporting die respectively. The design mainly discusses the special-shaped supporting plate die. According to the characteristics of large batch of workpieces, an improved high-efficiency die is used, that is, the turning shaft-shaped special-shaped supporting plate die can be formed in one time. The blanking die is designed as continuous die because of its high efficiency. In the die design, it is mainly divided according to the process. The size of blank is calculated, and then the blanking pressure is calculated, the punch press is selected, the size of edge is calculated, and the dimensions of convex and concave dies are calculated. Finally, each part of the die is selected, and then the structure of the die is determined by combining the closed height of the press and the dimension of the worktable, and the design of the die is completed.
The main design is to use the rotary axis with convex, die motion so as to complete the two-time special-shaped support plate. First, it can be used to improve the die of brake plate, and then it can be used as other die structure which needs two-time special-shaped support plate.
Key words: special-shaped support plate; punching die; blanking die; die
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