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智能助老服务机器人主要针对行走不便、视弱、盲人等的老年人和残疾人，以日常生活和工作所需要的行走辅助为主要目标。助老服务机器人样机不但广泛应用与医院和疗养院，也常常作为家庭老人和残疾人的康复设备。本论文针对目前国内外助老服务机器人的重量过大、承载能力、不能适应室内/室外多种地面、辅助导航系统昂贵等不足展开研究，研制了可适应室内/室外等环境、便携式的智能助老服务机器人样机，主要包括助老服务机器人的机械设计、运动学分析等方面。首先，回顾和总结了助老服务机器人的研究历史和发展现状，对国内外各主要研究机构设计的助老服务机器人进行了分析和对比，并介绍了本文研究的主要内容。
其次，对机器人研制目标进行了分析，讨论确定了助老服务机器人样机的总体设计方案。从整体上对机器人机械设计的特点和局部结构相关元件的选择进行研究。根据作业环境的要求、负载能力，利用现代机械设计方法，通过比较各种传动方式的优缺点，由助老服务机器人的底盘机构设计出发，按从下到上的顺序相对独立地利用Pro/E 设计了助老服务机器人的机构，最后经过分析，设计出实际样机。
再次，建立了该机器人在平面上的运动学模型，讨论在该模型下几种基本运动形式的实现条件，还分析齿轮传动对小车运动学模型的影响，得出提高小车运动精度可采取的措施。
关键词：助老服务机器人，机构设计，运动学分析。
The intelligent assistant robot mainly aims at helping the aged and the disabled who are weak-eyed, blind, or have difficulty walking, and itsmain target is to assist in walking for those people during their daily lifeand work time. The assistant robot can not only be widely used inhospitals and nursing home, but also can be used for the rehabilitationequipment for the aged and disabled. The thesis does research on thedisadvantages of the assistant robot at home and abroad at present, which is usually overweighted, with low carrying capacity, unable to walk in both indoor and outside environment, and expensive in auxiliary navigation system. A conveniently portable prototype for assistant robot is designed which can be used in both inside and outside environment, its mainly content includes mechanism design and kinematics analysis.
Firstly, the thesis reviews and summarizes the research history and development status of assistant robot, and does analysis and comparison mainly on assistant robot at home and abroad. Secondly, the research target of assistant robot is analyzed, and the overall design scheme of prototype is discussed and confirmed. The features of mechanism design of robot and the choice on components of modules are researched as a whole. According to the requirements of work environment, carrying capacity, Using Modern mechanical design method and making comparison on advantages and disadvantages of variable transmission methods, the mechanism of assistant robot is designed by Pro/E, and the design of robot is started from the chassis mechanism which is from the bottom up independently.
Thirdly, the kinematics model of the robot on the flat surface is established, and the conditions to realize 3 forms of motion are discussed under the model. Also, the effect of gear transmission on kinematics model is discussed and the measures to improve motion precision are made.
Keywords：Assistant robot, Mechanism design, Kinematics analysis.
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