轮式联合收割机液压系统设计毕业论文+任务书+cad图纸

摘  要

针对我国规模化农业要求谷物联合收割机向大型化、多功能方向发展的需要,研制小麦、水稻、大豆等多功能大型联合收获机.突破大喂入量脱粒分离技术与装置、大型收割机用高效清选技术与装置、大型收获机用行走静液压驱动底盘以及智能化监测技术等,集成研制通用型多功能谷物联合收割机,实现稻、麦、豆等谷物联合收割机升级换代,填补国内空白,扭转我国大中型农场大喂入量收割机依赖进口的局面.

本次设计的题目是轮式联合收割机液压系统的设计，轮式联合收割机的动力来源是液压，液压系统控制船的行走、割台的升降以及输送装置的运动。液压系统是由动力元件（液压泵）、控制元件（液压阀）、执行元件（液压缸、液压马达）、辅助元件（油箱、油管、过滤器）等组成。调研、分析轮式联合收割机作业的工艺特点，制定传动控制方案，拟定机械传动原理和液压系统图，进行力学分析，确定力（力矩）、速度（转速）等关键工作参数；进行液压系统分析及计算，确定主要液压参数，选择合理的液压元件。

关键词：轮式；联合收割机；工作装置；结构设计；液压系统

Abstract

In view of the need of large-scale agriculture in China for grain combine harvester to develop in the direction of large-scale and multi-functional, a multi-functional combine harvester for wheat, rice and soybean was developed. By breaking through the technology and equipment of threshing separation of large feeding volume, high efficiency cleaning technology and equipment for large harvesters, static hydraulic driving chassis for large harvesters and intelligent monitoring technology, the universal multi-function grain combine harvester is integrated and developed to realize the upgrading of grain combine harvesters such as rice, wheat and beans, to fill the gap in China, and to reverse the situation that large and medium-sized farms in China rely on imports for large feeding quantity harvesters.

The title of this design is the design of the hydraulic system of the wheel combine harvester, the power source of the wheel combine harvester is hydraulic, the hydraulic system controls the walking of the ship, the lifting of the cutting platform and the movement of the conveying device. Hydraulic system is composed of power element (hydraulic pump), control element (hydraulic valve), executive element (hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic motor), auxiliary element (oil tank, tubing, filter), etc. To investigate and analyze the technical characteristics of the wheel combine harvester, to formulate the transmission control scheme, to draw up the mechanical transmission principle and hydraulic system diagram, to carry out mechanical analysis, to determine the force (torque), speed (speed) and other key working parameters;  Analyze and calculate hydraulic system, determine main hydraulic parameters and select reasonable hydraulic components.

Keywords: wheel type; combine harvester; working device; structure design; hydraulic system

目  录

1  绪论1

1.1  选题背景及意义1

1.2  国内外发展现状1

1.2.1  国内的轮式联合收割机发展状况1

1.2.2  国外的轮式联合收割机发展状况1

1.3  研究主要内容2

2  联合收割机概述3

2.1  联合收割机简述3

2.2  收割机的分类3

2.3  构成部分及工作原理3

2.3.1  收割台3

2.3.2  拔禾轮3

2.3.3  收割机绞龙5

2.4  输谷清选装置5

2.4.1  输谷装置5

2.4.2  清选装置6

2.5  脱粒装置6

2.5.1  脱粒机拆卸图6

2.5.2  静压传动装置7

3  轮式联合收割机工作装置总体设计9

3.1  工作装置总体设计9

3.1.1  工作装置的总体结构9

3.1.2  工作装置连杆机构的结构形式与特点9

3.1.3  工作装置总体设计9

3.2  主要参数10

4  工作装置主要结构设计11

4.1  铲斗设计11

4.1.1  铲斗的结构形式11

4.1.2  铲斗断面形状和基本参数确定12

4.1.3  铲斗容量的计算15

4.2  工作装置连杆系统设计16

4.2.1  机构分析16

4.2.2  尺寸参数设计17

4.3  工作装置静力学分析及强度校核20

4.3.1  静力学分析20

4.3.2  强度校核23

5  液压系统的设计和计算26

5.1  轮式联合收割机液压原理设计26

5.1.1  行走液压驱动系统26

5.1.2  割台升降液压系统设计27

3.1.3输送装置和切割装置的液压系统设计27

5.2  轮式联合收割机液压系统草图28

5.3  液压系统参数的理论分析29

5.3.1  液压缸的分析设计29

5.3.2  液压马达的分析与设计30

5.3.3  液压泵的选择与设计32

5.3.4  液压阀的选择33

5.3.5  管道的尺寸的确定33

5.3.6  液压泵站的选择33

总  结34

参考文献35

致  谢36