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摘要
本课题的题目是2011款大众宝机械型转向器的设计。齿轮齿条转向器设计的核心有两点：一是齿轮和齿条的合理匹配，以满足转向器的正确传动比和强度要求；二是转向器调整机构的设计，合理匹配出弹簧的刚度，以保证转向器的启动力矩和啮合特性。因此本课题在考虑上述要求和因素的基础上研究利用转向盘的旋转带动传动机构的齿轮齿条转向轴转向，通过万向节带动转向齿轮轴旋转，转向齿轮轴与转向齿条啮合，从而促使转向齿条直线运动，实现转向。实现了转向器结构简单紧凑，轴向尺寸短，且零件数目少的优点又能增加助力，从而实现了汽车转向的稳定性和灵敏性。在本文中主要进行了转向器齿轮齿条的设计和对转向齿轮轴的校核，主要方法和理论采用汽车设计的经验参数和大学所学机械设计的课程内容进行设计，其结果满足强度要求，安全可靠。
关键词：机械型转向器； 阀套； 阀芯；齿轮齿条
Abstract
The subject of this topic is the design of the 2011 Volkswagen mechanical steering gear. There are two points in the design of gear and rack steering gear: one is the reasonable matching of gears and racks to meet the correct transmission ratio and strength requirements of the steering gear. Second, the design of the steering gear adjustment mechanism reasonably matches the stiffness of the spring, To ensure that the steering torque and meshing characteristics. Therefore, this topic is based on the above requirements and factors to study the use of the steering wheel drive drive the gear wheel steering wheel steering, through the universal joint to drive the steering gear shaft rotation, steering gear shaft and steering gear meshing, Steering racks linear motion to achieve steering. The realization of the steering structure is simple and compact, the axial size is short, and the number of parts of the advantages of small increase in power, thus achieving the stability and sensitivity of the car steering. In this paper, the design of the geared gear rack and the check of the steering gear shaft are mainly carried out. The main methods and theories are designed with the experience parameters of the automobile design and the course content of the mechanical design. The results meet the strength requirements, Safe and reliable.
Key words: mechanical steering gear; valve sleeve; spool; rack and pinion
目 录
摘要 1
Abstract 2
前言 4
国内外发展情况 5
1.转向系统 9
1.1转向系统概述 9
1.2转向操纵机构 10
1.3转向传动机构 12
1.4转向器与转向器形式 13
1.5动力转向机构 14
1.6齿轮齿条式转向器的优点 14
2液压助力转向系统的设计方案 15
2.1助力转向系统 15
2.2液压助力转向系统 15
2.3助力转向系统 18
2.3.1液压式电子控制助力转向系统 19
2.3.2电动式电子控制助力转向系统 19
2.4助力转向系统设计方案分析 19
2.5本章小结 21
3液压助力系统的设计 22
3.1助力缸的类型 22
3.2助力缸的主要零件的结构和材料 22
3.3助力缸的密封装置 23
3.4助力缸的缓冲装置 23
3.5助力缸的设计计算 23
3.9助力转向系统所用传感器的选择 24
3.9.1车速传感器 24
3.9.2转角传感器 24
3.10本章小结 24
4.转向器齿轮轴设计及其校核 25
4.1确定使用材料 25
4.2 轴的结构的设计及校核 25
5.轴承及其转向器壳体和阀体的选择和确定 30
5.1轴承选择和确定 30
5.2转向器壳体和阀体 30
6.总结 31
参考文献 32
致 谢 33
