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基于FPGA的智能小车系统
摘 要
在科学探索和紧急抢险中经常会遇到对一些危险或人类不能直接到达的地域的探测，这些就需要用小车来完成。而小车在复杂地形中行进时自动是一项必不可少也是最基本的功能。因此，自动系统的研发就应运而生。自动小车就是基于这一系统开发而成的。随着科技的发展，对于未知空间和人类所不能直接到达的地域的探索逐步成为热门，这就使小车的自动有了重大的意义。自动小车可以作为地域探索小车和紧急抢险小车的运动系统，让小车在行进中自动避过障碍物。
本文提出了一种经济实用的智能小车系统设计方法，采用了小车底盘作为载体、直流电机作为执行元件、红外传感器作为检测元件、FPGA作为主控芯片、L298N作为驱动芯片和稳压电源芯片完成了检测电路设计、主控电路设计、电机驱动电路设计、稳压电路设计等硬件设计和制作，并对系统进行了仿真和综合调试，解决了一系列的难题，成功实现了自动功能。
关键词：智能小车系统，红外传感器，FPGA，L298N，PWM调速
Intelligent car system based on FPGA
ABSTRACT
In the course of scientific exploration and emergency rescue, we often encounter the exploration of dangerous or inaccessible areas, which need to be carried out by car. And the car in the complex terrain moving automatically is an essential and the most basic function. Therefore, the research and development of automatic system emerges as the times require. Automatic car is based on this system is developed. With the development of science and technology, the exploration of unknown space and regions that can not be directly reached by human beings has gradually become a hot topic, which makes the automatic car have great significance. The automatic car can be used as the sports system of the regional exploration car and the emergency car, so that the car is moving. To avoid obstacles automatically.
In this paper, an economical and practical design method of intelligent car system is presented. The vehicle chassis is used as the carrier, the DC motor as the executive element, the infrared sensor as the detection element, and the FPGA as the main control chip. L298N is used as the driver chip and the voltage regulator chip to complete the design of the detection circuit, the main control circuit, the motor drive circuit, the voltage regulator circuit and so on. The simulation and comprehensive debugging of the system are carried out. A series of difficult problems have been solved and the automatic function has been successfully realized.
Key words: Intelligent trolley system, infrared sensor, FPGA, L298N, PWM speed regulation
目 录
