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摘要
近年来，两轮自平衡车的研究与应用获得了迅猛发展。本文提出了一种两轮自平衡小车的设计方案，采用陀螺仪ENC-03以及MEMS加速度传感器MMA7260构成小车姿态检测装置，使用卡尔曼滤波完成陀螺仪数据与加速度计数据的数据融合。系统选用飞思卡尔16位单片机MC9S12XS128为控制核心，完成了传感器信号的处理，滤波算法的实现及车身控制，人机交互等。
整个系统制作完成后，各个模块能够正常并协调工作，小车可以在无人干预条件下实现自主平衡。同时在引入适量干扰情况下小车能够自主调整并迅速恢复稳定状态。小车还可以实现前进，后退，左右转等基本动作。
关键词：两轮自平衡 陀螺仪 姿态检测 卡尔曼滤波 数据融合
Abstract
In recent years, the research and application of two-wheel self-balanced vehicle have obtained rapid development. This paper presents a design scheme of two-wheel self-balanced vehicle. Gyroscope ENC-03 and MEMS accelerometer MMA7260 constitute vehicle posture detection device. System adopts Kalman filter to complete the gyroscope data and accelerometer data fusion.，and adopts freescale16-bit microcontroller-MC9S12XS128 as controller core. The center controller realizes the sensor signal processing the sensor signal processing, filtering algorithm and body control, human-machine interaction and so on.
Upon completion of the entire system, each module can be normal and to coordinate work. The vehicle can keep balancing in unmanned condition. At the same time, the vehicle can be adjusted independently then quickly restore stability when there is a moderate amount of interference. In addition, the vehicle also can achieve forward, backward, left and right turn and other basic movements.
Key Words: Two-Wheel Self-Balance; Gyroscope; Gesture detection; Kalman filter; Data fusion
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