基于视觉的测量系统设计

摘  要

　　　随着现代先进制造技术的进步，要求测量技术向着高精度化、高速化和网络化方向发展。传统的测量方法已无法完全满足现代制造业的特殊要求。因此基于机器视觉的非接触测量方法已成为新世纪精密测量技术的重要发展方向之一。
　　　机器视觉是智能机器人发展的一个重要方向，虚拟仪器是计算机应用技术领域里一个新兴的、富有生命力的软件平台。机器视觉作为一种高效的可视化测量方法,有效地提高了产品的生产效率和工业的自动化程度,取得了巨大的经济与社会效益。
　　　本文首先介绍了机器视觉和虚拟仪器技术的基本理论，分析了机器视觉技术和虚拟仪器技术结合的必要性、可行性和结合后的优点，并介绍了虚拟仪器开发平台LabVIEW和机器视觉软件IMAQ Vision。
　　　其次，按照机器视觉系统的逻辑结构，分析各部分的设计方法，并在此方法的指导下完成了对机器视觉系统软硬件模块的设计。包括系统的整体结构设计、光源设计、系统软件的设计和1394摄像头和图像采集卡的选取。
　　　最后，按照机器视觉系统的逻辑结构，探讨了机器视觉系统各部分的设计方法，并在此方法的指导下完成了“电池夹的机器视觉测量系统”的设计。应用IMAQ Vision软件构建的电池夹测量系统将机器视觉技术和虚拟仪器技术结合在一起，对电池夹进行快速、准确的在线测量。
　　　本论文着重于对电池夹的机器视觉测量系统的系统分析、软件模块的实现以及软件合成技术的研究。讨论了机器视觉与虚拟仪器的结合，并结合工程项目的研制，对机器视觉系统及其实现方法进行探索，以便能为以后机器视觉系统的开发借鉴。
    由本论文的对于电池夹的机器视觉测量系统的设计，并以此与传统工艺相比较，体现了机器视觉测量的强大优越性，同时也体现了虚拟仪器在未来市场远大的发展前景。

关键词：虚拟仪器；视觉测量；LabVIEW；IMAQ vision

ABSTRACT

　　　With the development of modern advanced manufacturing technology, it requires the measurement method to be more high-precision, more high-speed. The traditional measurement method couldn't satisfy the special request in the modern manufacturing. So the non-contact measurement method, which based on the machine vision, has become the developmental direction of high-precision measurement technology since the new century.
　　　Machine vision is regarded as the most important branch of the research of intelligent robots, virtual instrument is a fresh software flat in the field of the application of computer .As a visual method with great efficiency, it can improve the productivity and automation level and achieves a lot of benefit.
Firstly, the basic theory of virtual instruments and machine vision is introduced and the necessity, feasibility, advantage after they were combined is analyzed. The virtual instruments developing platform LabVIEW and machine vision software IMAQ Vision are introduced as followed.
　　　Secondly, the design technique for different part of machine vision system is discussed according to its logical structure, and then complete the design used machine vision system was turn to reality with the design technique's guidance. These include the design of whole system, illumination, software and the selecting method of 1394 camera and frame grabber.
　　　Finally, the design technique for different part of machine vision system is discussed according to system's logical structure, and then the design of “battery clamp Inspection used machine vision system” was turn to reality with the design technique's guidance. Battery clamp Inspection system built upon IMAQ Vision integrating machine vision with virtual instrument measure typical Battery Clamp on line quickly and accurately.
This thesis focuses on the research of battery clamp Inspection for machine vision system, software achievement and software synthesis. The combination of virtual instruments and machine vision is discussed. The questing machine vision and in fact method , so that it can provide a reference to the following development.
　　　Be clipped by the machine sense of vision of this thesis that to examine the system's design for the battery, and combine then this compare with the traditional craft, and is nowed machine sense of vision strong and big and superior that examine, also now conjecture instrument is in the great development foreground in future market.
　　　
Key Words： Virtual Instruments；Sense of vision examination；LabVIEW；IMAQ Vision

目  录