基于单片机的温湿度测试系统的设计

摘 要

   温湿度的测量应用范围是很广的，对温湿度测量系统的研究也具有深远意义，本课题针对国内外对温湿度测量系统的研究与发展状况，分析了目前温湿度测量系统存在的主要问题，设计了一种基于单片机的温湿度测量系统，对某些有着特殊要求温度和湿度的场合实现长期、稳定、定时、自动的检测。本设计主要由硬件电路和软件电路两部分组成，系统通过温湿度检测电路，把采集到的信号传给单片机，通过单片机来处理采集到的信号并通过LCD显示出来，如果温湿度过高或过低，报警电路会自动报警。它以AT89C52单片机为核心，采用SHT11集成温湿度传感器实现一种智能、快捷、方便的温湿度测量系统，整个系统由温湿度检测电路、时钟电路、LCD显示电路、键盘电路、报警电路和单片机等组成。设计的系统结构简单紧凑、功耗较低、抗干扰能力强、总体性能比较好，符合了智能仪器仪表小型化的潮流，为今后开发高性能和商品化的温湿度测量仪器奠定了良好的基础。

 

关键词  单片机，温湿度，SHT11传感器

 

Abstract

    The application of temperature and humidity measurement is very wide. The research on temperature and humidity measurement system is also far-reaching. In view of the research and development of temperature and humidity measurement system at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the main problems existing in temperature and humidity measurement system , The design of a temperature and humidity measurement system based on single-chip, for some have special requirements of temperature and humidity occasions to achieve long-term, stable, timing, automatic detection. The design consists of hardware circuit and software circuit composed of two parts, the system through the temperature and humidity detection circuit, the collected signal to the microcontroller, through the microcontroller to deal with the collected signal and displayed through the LCD, if the temperature and humidity is too high or too Low, the alarm circuit will automatically alarm. It uses the AT89C52 microcontroller as the core, using SHT11 integrated temperature and humidity sensor to achieve an intelligent, fast and convenient temperature and humidity measurement system, the entire system by the temperature and humidity detection circuit, clock circuit, LCD display circuit, keyboard circuit, alarm circuit and microcontroller composition. The design of the system is simple and compact, low power consumption, anti-interference ability, the overall performance is better, in line with the trend of small-scale intelligent instrumentation for the future development of high performance and commercial temperature and humidity measurement instruments laid a good foundation The

 

    Key words microcomputer, temperature and humidity, SHT11 sensor

 

 

目   录

 

摘要……………………………………………………………..……….….……..…Ⅰ

目录…………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ

绪论……………………………………………………………….….…………… ……1

第1章……………………………………………………………….….…………… 1

 1.1 概述..........................……………………….…………….…..… …1

 1.2  国内外研究现状………………….……………………………..……1

  1.2.1 国外研究现状…………………………………………………………………1

  1.2.2 国内研究现状…………………………………………………………………1

 1.3 温湿度检测的发展状况以及存在的问题………………………………………1

 1.4 课题研究的主要内容……………………………………………………………2

第2章 系统硬件部分设计…………………..….…… ……………………….…....……4

 2.1 AT89C52单片机介绍………………………………………………….……………...4

 2.2 温湿度测量电路的设计……………………………………………...……....…9

  2.2.1 SHT11简介………………………………………………………………………9

  2.2.2 SHT11主要性能特点……………………………………………………………9

  2.2.3 SHT11工作原理…………………………………………………………………10

  2.2.4 SHT11输出特性…………………………………………………………………10

  2.2.5 运行条件………………………………………………………………………11

  2.2.6 安装注意事项…………………………………………………………………11

  2.2.7 SHT11与单片机连接……………………………………………………………12

 2.3 LCD显示电路设计…………………………………………………………………12

  2.3.1 LCD1602简介…………………………………………………………………12

  2.3.2 LCD1602的特性…………………………………………………………………12

  2.3.3 LCD1692引脚功能………………………………………………………………13

  2.3.4 指令集……………………………………………………………………………13

  2.3.5 LCD1602与单片机连接…………………………………………………………14

 2.4 时钟电路设计……………………………………………………………………15

  2.4.1 DS1302简介…………………………………………………………………15

  2.4.2 DS1302工作原理………………………………………………………………15

  2.4.3 DS1302结构及引脚功能……………………………………………………15

  2.4.4 DS1302与单片机连接………………………………………………………16

 2.5 键盘电路设计……………………………………………………………………17

  2.5.1 键盘工作原理……………………………………………………………………17

  2.5.2 独立式键盘与单片机的连接……………………………………………………18

 2.6 报警电路设计……………………………………………………………………18

 2.7 抗干扰措施……………………………………………………………………19

第3章 系统软件设计…………………………………………………………………21

 3.1 系统总体流程图…………………………………………………………………21

 3.2 温湿度采集模块软件设计…………………………………………………………22

 3.3 LCD显示模块软件设计……………………………………………………………24

 3.4 时钟模块软件设计………………………………………………………………28

 3.5 报警电路软件设计…………………………………………………………………28

第4章 仿真与调试………………………………………………………………………30

 4.1 电气原理图…………………………………………………………………………30

 4.2 部分参考程序………………………………………………………………………30

 4.3 仿真结果…………………………………………………………………………44

结束语…………………………………………………………………………………49

致谢…………………………………………………………………………………50

参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………51