共沸混合液体不能通过常规蒸馏进行分离。但是萃取精馏或两者的结合可以有效分离它们。实施了利用N，N - 二甲基甲酰胺（DMF），二甲基亚砜（DMSO）以及它们的混合物作为萃取剂的间歇萃取精馏分离苯和环己烷的实验。研究了在相同的操作条件下，溶剂流量和回流比的操作参数对分离的影响。结果表明，分离效果随着溶剂流量和回流比的增加而提高；三种萃取溶剂都可以分离苯和环己烷，其中DMF是最有效的，DMF和DMSO混合物其次，而DMSO效果最差。实验的最佳操作条件是，选DMF为萃取剂，溶剂流量为 l2.33毫升/分钟，回流比为6。因此，我们可以得到平均含量为86.98％，回收率为83.10％的塔顶产品环己烷。

 

 

Abstract

    The azeotropic mixture can not be separated by conventional distillation. But the extractive distillation or the combination of the two can effectively separate them. Experiments were carried out by batch extraction distillation of benzene and cyclohexane using N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and mixtures thereof as extractants. The effects of operating parameters on the separation of solvent flow and reflux ratio under the same operating conditions were studied. The results showed that the separation effect increased with the increase of solvent flow rate and reflux ratio. Both of the three extraction solvents could separate benzene and cyclohexane, and DMF was the most effective, followed by DMF and DMSO, and the DMSO was the worst. The best operating conditions for the experiment were that DMF was used as the extractant and the solvent flow rate was 1.233 ml / min and the reflux ratio was 6. Therefore, we can get an average content of 86.98%, the recovery rate of 83.10% of the top product of cyclohexane.

 

Key words: intermittent extractive distillation; benzene; cyclohexane

 

 

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